INDUSTRIAL INNOVATIONS: INTERNET OF THINGS, BLOCKCHAIN, DIGITAL TWIN
Abstract
Investigating innovations in the industry, this article provides a systematic overview of key aspects of the Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT), machine learning, blockchain technology, digital twins, and other directions significant within Industry 4.0. The impact of these innovations on industrial operations, supply chains, and manufacturing processes is examined, emphasizing their significance and positive effects across various industrial sectors. IIoT is identified as a pivotal component in manufacturing modernization and plays a substantial role in enhancing supply chains, transportation, healthcare, and other domains. A practical example of the use of the industrial Internet of Things by the mining company Altos de Punitaqui at the Fujnada open pit is presented. Technologies supporting IIoT encompass artificial intelligence, cloud computing, big data analytics, blockchain, and virtual reality. The utilization of machine learning, based on diverse frameworks. The study results have identified the following most consumed frameworks by industrial enterprises: TensorFlow, Microsoft Cognitive Toolkit, H2O, Torch and PyTorch, Caffe, and their importance for further development in the context of IIoT is shown. Additionally, the application of blockchain technology in the mining industry is discussed, highlighting its potential in improving resource management efficiency. It is established that blockchain technology can act as a secure ledger facilitating dynamic exchange of crucial documents. The significance of digital twins as technological solutions facilitating planning and production, enabling the prediction of object performance, and refining manufacturing processes is outlined. The dynamic growth of the digital twins market and their broad applications in supply chains, technical servicing, and asset visualization contribute to increased efficiency in the industrial sector. Based on the importance of digital twins, it is noted that the ISO 23247 standard for digital twins will establish a systematic approach to their practical application in the industry. Such standardized approaches will encourage further dissemination and development of these innovations, promoting their effective integration into industrial production.
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