PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP MECHANISMS IN TOURISM INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT

Abstract

The article substantiates the role of public-private partnership (PPP) as an institutional and economic mechanism for the accelerated development of tourism infrastructure in conditions of limited budget resources, increased investment risks and the needs of post-war reconstruction of Ukraine. The purpose of the study is to systematize modern PPP mechanisms in tourism, compare national approaches with international practice and identify barriers and opportunities for scaling partnership models in transport, hotel, restaurant and service infrastructure. The methodological basis is the analysis and synthesis of scientific publications, comparative analysis of international cases (EU, Turkey), an institutional approach to assessing the regulatory environment and structural and logical generalization of results in the form of analytical matrices. The content of PPP for the tourism sector is specified as a long-term contractual interaction between public and private partners with the distribution of functions of financing, construction, operation and risks while maintaining public control over the achievement of socially significant results. Key areas of PPP application are identified: integrated development of tourist zones and clusters; targeted projects of individual hospitality and recreation facilities; supporting infrastructure that forms the accessibility and safety of destinations. For Ukraine, systemic barriers to the implementation of PPP in tourism are identified: lack of successful cases and trust, administrative complications, financial, economic and military risks, institutional weakness and the need for transparent competitive procedures. It is argued that updating the regulatory framework and the use of modern tools (electronic competitions, guarantees of stability of conditions, combination of funding sources, payments for accessibility) form the basis for activating PPP in tourist destinations and communities. The practical significance of the results lies in the proposed recommendations for forming a portfolio of priority tourist projects, optimizing risk distribution, developing human resources and attracting international financial organizations to reduce the cost of capital and increase the investment attractiveness of the tourist infrastructure of Ukraine.